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    A global phase 3 study of serplulimab plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment for advanced squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (ASTRUM-004)
    (Cell Press, 2024) Zhou, Caicun; Hu, Yanping; Arkania, Ekaterine; Kilickap, Saadettin; Ying, Kejing; Xu, Fei; Wu, Lin
    Combining immunotherapy with chemotherapy can provide improved survival in advanced squamous nonsmall -cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients without targetable gene alterations. 537 previously untreated patients with stage IIIB/IIIC or IV squamous NSCLC without targetable gene alterations were enrolled and randomized (2:1) to receive serplulimab 4.5 mg/kg or placebo, both in combination with nab-paclitaxel and carboplatin, intravenously in 3 -week cycles. The primary endpoint of progression -free survival (PFS) was met at the first interim analysis. At the second interim analysis, PFS benefit was maintained in serplulimab-chemotherapy group (hazard ratio [HR] 0.53, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.42-0.67). At the final analysis, serplulimab-chemotherapy significantly improved median OS compared to placebo -chemotherapy (HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.58-0.93; p = 0.010). Grade R3 serplulimab or placebo -related adverse events occurred in 126 (35.2%) and 58 (32.4%) patients, respectively. Our results demonstrate that adding serplulimab to chemotherapy significantly improves survival in advanced squamous NSCLC patients, with manageable safety.