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    Promising breakthroughs in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis treatment through nanotechnology's unexplored frontier
    (Elsevier masson s.r.l., 2025) Sojdeh, Soheil; Safarkhani, Moein; Daneshgar, Hossein; Aldhaher, Abdullah; Heidari, Golnaz; Nazarzadeh Zare, Ehsan; Iravani, Siavash; Zarrabi, Ali; Rabiee, Navid
    This review explores the transformative potential of nanotechnology in the treatment and diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor neuron degeneration, muscle weakness, and eventual paralysis. Nanotechnology offers innovative solutions across various domains, including targeted drug delivery, neuroprotection, gene therapy and editing, biomarker detection, advanced imaging techniques, and tissue engineering. By enhancing the precision and efficacy of therapeutic interventions, nanotechnology facilitates key advancements such as crossing the blood-brain barrier, targeting specific cell types, achieving sustained therapeutic release, and enabling combination therapies tailored to the complex pathophysiology of ALS. Despite its immense promise, the clinical translation of these approaches faces challenges, including potential cytotoxicity, biocompatibility, and regulatory compliance, which must be addressed through rigorous research and testing. This review emphasizes the application of nanotechnology in targeted drug delivery and gene therapy/editing for ALS, drawing on the author's prior work with various nanotechnological platforms to illustrate strategies for overcoming similar obstacles in drug and gene delivery. By bridging the gap between cutting-edge technology and clinical application, this article aims to highlight the vital role of nanotechnology in shaping the future of ALS treatment.
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    Stimuli-responsive liposomal nanoformulations in cancer therapy: Pre-clinical & clinical approaches
    (Elsevier, 2022) Ashrafizadeh, Milad; Delfi, Masoud; Zarrabi, Ali; Sharifi, Esmaeel; Rabiee, Navid; Paiva-Santos, Ana Cláudia; Kumar, Alan Prem; Hushmandi, Kiavash; Nazarzadeh Zare, Ehsan; Makvandi, Pooyan
    The site-specific delivery of antitumor agents is of importance for providing effective cancer suppression. Poor bioavailability of anticancer compounds and the presence of biological barriers prevent their accumulation in tumor sites. These obstacles can be overcome using liposomal nanostructures. The challenges in cancer chemotherapy and stimuli-responsive nanocarriers are first described in the current review. Then, stimuli-responsive liposomes including pH-, redox-, enzyme-, light-, thermo- and magneto-sensitive nanoparticles are discussed and their potential for delivery of anticancer drugs is emphasized. The pH- or redox-sensitive liposomes are based on internal stimulus and release drug in response to a mildly acidic pH and GSH, respectively. The pH-sensitive liposomes can mediate endosomal escape via proton sponge. The multifunctional liposomes responsive to both redox and pH have more capacity in drug release at tumor site compared to pH- or redox-sensitive alone. The magnetic field and NIR irradiation can be exploited for external stimulation of liposomes. The light-responsive liposomes release drugs when they are exposed to irradiation; thermosensitive-liposomes release drugs at a temperature of >40 °C when there is hyperthermia; magneto-responsive liposomes release drugs in presence of magnetic field. These smart nanoliposomes also mediate co-delivery of drugs and genes in synergistic cancer therapy. Due to lack of long-term toxicity of liposomes, they can be utilized in near future for treatment of cancer patients.
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    Synergistic advancements: Exploring MXene/graphene oxide and MXene/reduced graphene oxide composites for next-generation applications
    (Elsevier b.v., 2024) Iravani, Siavash; Zarepour, Atefeh; Nazarzadeh Zare, Ehsan; Makvandi, Pooyan; Khosravi, Arezoo; Zarrabi, Ali
    The exploration of MXene-graphene oxide (GO) and MXene-reduced GO (rGO) composites represents a significant leap forward in the development of advanced materials for next-generation applications. This review delves into the synergistic properties of MXene and GO, highlighting their combined potential to develop various technological fields. MXenes, with their unique two-dimensional structure and exceptional electrical conductivity, coupled with the remarkable mechanical strength and flexibility of GO, create composites with enhanced performance characteristics. These materials exhibit superior electrochemical properties, making them ideal candidates for energy storage devices such as supercapacitors and batteries. Additionally, their excellent thermal and mechanical properties open new avenues in the fields of electronics, sensors, and catalysis. This review seeks to explore the specific areas where MXene-(r)GO composites demonstrate exceptional promise, such as energy storage, sensing technologies, electromagnetic interference shielding, visible/infrared camouflages, and advanced materials development. These composites offer a promising pathway to address the growing demands for high-performance, multifunctional materials in various industrial sectors. This review aims to provide insights into the fundamental mechanisms driving the enhanced properties of MXene-(r)GO composites and to inspire further research and development in this exciting area of material science.