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    Pyrolytic conversion of automotive bumper polywaste to diesel like fuel and its utilization in compression ignition engine
    (Elsevier Ltd, 2022) Kiran, S.; Varuvel, Edwin Geo
    In present scenario, alternate fuels for vehicle usage is aimed to satisfy the increasing energy demand significantly caused by fossil fuel depletion and global warming increase around the world. In today's world, plastics are the most indispensable material and their use in automobiles are increasing day by day. Many vehicles are scrapped year by year, from which plastic waste can be converted as usable fuel. This paper deals with analyzing the performance of diesel like fuel obtained by pyrolysis process from bumper waste and to study its emission and combustion behavior by using it in a compression ignition (CI) engine. For extraction, pyrolysis process was adopted and temperature was maintained at 240–360 °C. Fuel property testing was done on the resultant oil collected. It was then blended with diesel in the proportions of WBO P20, WBO P30, WBO P60, and WBO P80 with diesel and tested in a CI engine and its results analyzed. The results show WBO P20 is better with 31.43% BTE, 0.153% of CO emission, 1595 ppm of NO emission, 65.7% of smoke emission and 118 ppm of HC emissions slightly higher than diesel. The cylinder peak pressure for WBO P20 was found to be 71.08 bar and peak heat release was found to be 45.93 J/deg CA which matches diesel combustion. © 2022 Elsevier Ltd
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    Synergistic effect of hydrogen and waste lubricating oil on the performance and emissions of a compression ignition engine
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2023) Kiran, S.; Martin, M. Leenus Jesu; Sonthalia, Ankit; Varuvel, Edwin Geo
    The demand for energy is increasing every year. For a long time, fossil fuels have been used to satiate this energy demand. However, using hydrocarbon-based fossil fuels has led to an enormous rise of carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere resulting in global warming. It is therefore necessary to look for alternatives to fossil fuels. The research carried out till date have shown biomass and waste-derived fuels as plausible alternatives to fossil fuels. The biomass feedstock includes jatropha oil, Karanja oil, cottonseed oil, and hemp oil among others and wastes include used cooking oil, used engine oil, used tire and used plastics etc. In this study, the authors aim to explore waste lubrication oil as a fuel for the diesel engine. The used lubrication oil was pyrolyzed and diesel-like fuel with 80% conversion efficiency was obtained. A blend of the fuel and diesel in the ratio of 80:20 on volume basis was prepared. Engine experiments at various load conditions was carried out with the blend. As compared to diesel, a 2% increase in thermal efficiency, 6.3%, 16.1% and 13.6% decrease in smoke, CO and HC emissions & 3.2% and 1.8% increase in NOx and CO2 emission were observed at full load with the blend. With an aim to further improve the engine perfor-mance and reduce the overall emissions from the engine exhaust, a zero-carbon fuel namely gaseous hydrogen was inducted in the intake manifold. The flow rate of hydrogen was varied from 3 to 12 Litres per minute (LPM). As compared to diesel, at maximum hydrogen flow rate the thermal efficiency increased by 12.2%. HC, CO and smoke emissions decreased by 42.4%, 51.6% and 16.8%, whereas NOx emissions increased by 22%. The study shows that the combination of pyrolyzed waste lubricant and hydrogen were found to be suitable as a fuel for an unmodified diesel engine. Such fuel combination can be used for stationary applications such as power backups.& COPY; 2022 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.