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    Comparison of External and Internal Site Genital Sampling to Detect High-Risk HPV DNA in Women
    (Verlag Klinisches Labor GmbH, 2024) Kasap, Esin; Türkler, Can; Yılmaz, Nisel; Görgülü, Gökşen; Togay, Alper; İnan, A. Hamdi; Sarıer, Mehmet
    Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV), the most common pathogen causing sexually transmitted diseases worldwide, is also an oncogenic virus. Due to the inadequacy of serologic tests in the diagnosis of HPV, NAATs (nucleic acid amplification tests), such as PCR (polymerase chain reaction), represent the gold standard today. Endocervical brush sampling in women has been successfully used for HPV genotyping for many years. The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic efficacy for PCR HPV genotyping of multi-site samples taken simultaneously with a swab from the external genitalia in addition to endocervical brush sampling in women applying for Hr-HPV screening. Methods: This study included 105 asymptomatic patients who came to the Gynecology Polyclinic of the University of Health Sciences Tepecik Training and Research Hospital between February 2023 and June 2023 for control purposes. Both the samples taken with a brush from the cervical area and the samples taken with a swab from the external genital area were sent to a screening laboratory for testing for Hr-HPV DNA. The samples were analyzed by real time PCR. Results: The success rate of positive detection of swab samples of HPV type 16 was significantly higher, with a difference of 17.6% (p < 0.0001). For HPV type 18, the swab sample had a significantly higher positive detection rate, with a difference of 60.0% (p = 0.002). Conclusions: The results of this study show that HPV genotyping from the external genital area can be performed as an alternative to cervical sampling in sexually active women to increase the reach of a screening program. © 2024 Verlag Klinisches Labor GmbH. All rights reserved.
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    Comparison of nylon-flocked swabs and cotton swabs in the detection of human papillomavirus infection in men
    (Springer, 2024) Sarier, Mehmet; Kasap, Esin; Emek, Mestan; Konuk, Elcin; Barut, Zerrin; Dogru, Kamil; Sepin, Nevgun
    BackgroundHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is an oncogenic virus and the commonest sexually transmitted pathogen worldwide. Appropriate sampling is an important factor in infection management. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of cotton swabs (CS) and nylon-flocked swabs (NFS) in sampling for HPV-DNA PCR testing in male patients with genital warts.MethodsThe study included men with genital warts who presented to the urology outpatient clinic of Antalya Medical Park Hospital. Before wart treatment, multisite sampling of the penis and genital area was performed separately with CS and NFS. The samples were analyzed for HPV-DNA using real-time PCR.ResultsThe study included 45 men with a mean age of 32.1 +/- 8.6 years. At least one HPV type was detected in all 45 patients with NFS sampling and 44 patients with CS sampling (total HPV types detected: 106 and 84, respectively). NFS sampling detected 52 high-risk HPV types in 37 of the 45 patients, while CS sampling detected 37 high-risk types in 19 patients (p = 0.029). NFS sampling also detected a total of 54 low-risk HPV types in all 45 patients, versus 47 low-risk HPV types in 41 patients with CS sampling. Multiple HPV types were detected in 30 patients with NFS and 17 patients with CS (p = 0.001).ConclusionNFS were more effective than CS for HPV-DNA testing in men with genital warts. NFS were superior to CS in detecting multiple-type HPV infection and high-risk HPV types. The use of NFS should be recommended for HPV-DNA PCR testing in men.