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Öğe Beauty standard perception of women : a reception study based on Foucault’s truth relations and truth games(Vilnius University Press, 2023) Gürkan, Hasan; Serttaş, AybikeThis study discusses how television viewers’ definitions of beauty are affected by advertisements. The media effects on the perception of beauty and truth are explained in detail as the investigation unfolds. In November 2021 and May 2022, the study collected data through individual interviews with 22 women aged 18 to 63. The data gleaned from these interviews was interpreted with Stuart Hall’s coding-encoding theory using Peircein trichotomy and Foucault’s truth relations and truth games. The study found that one of the new functions of advertising is to enable female viewers to make personal evaluations of physical beauty standards and concluded that beauty is not truth but is a construct manufactured by advertisements. Female audiences read women shown in ads with multiple dimensions of significance and sensibility to experience the presentation and re-presentation of the women.Öğe Breaking the borders: Gender dynamics in STEM portrayals in Turkish Netflix series(SAGE Publications Ltd, 2024) Gürkan, Hasan; Biga, Nur Tuğçe; Ege, ÖvünçThis study discusses the intricate relationship between science, technology, engineering and mathematics field representation by the media and the science, technology, engineering and mathematics field in reality, centring on two pivotal inquiries: (i) How is gender within science, technology, engineering and mathematics portrayed in visual culture? (ii) How do gendered representations in visual culture impact science, technology, engineering and mathematics professionals? By scrutinizing two Turkish TV series featuring science, technology, engineering and mathematics characters, namely, Sıcak Kafa (Hot Skull, 2022, by Mert Baykal) and Yakamoz S-245 (Into the Deep, 2022, by Tolga Karaçelik and Umut Aral), we assert that recent Netflix productions in Turkey showcase science, technology, engineering and mathematics characters in a less marginalized manner compared to mainstream series content. The study explores the intersection of science, technology, engineering and mathematics portrayals with actual gender experiences in the Turkish context. Findings show science, technology, engineering and mathematics professionals, particularly women, to be rendered invisible in being confined to gender-based definitions. Despite portraying male and female science, technology, engineering and mathematics professionals as equal and non-marginalized, male characters predominate in decision-making and implementation processes within many series. Furthermore, science, technology, engineering and mathematics professionals do not identify with their own character representations in media content, as they express through interviews. The study underscores there is room to challenge patriarchal norms, fostering more equitable depictions of science, technology, engineering and mathematics professionals, including women, to dismantle gender biases and foster inclusivity within science, technology, engineering and mathematics fields. © The Author(s) 2024.Öğe Energy crisis: an actual collapse? energy crisis and apocalypse societies in popular films(Springer science and business media deutschland GmbH, 2024) Gezmen, Başak; Gürkan, HasanThis chapter is based on the claim that the energy crisis, frequently on the agenda for the last 20 years, has become one of the main issues of print and visual media. This study discusses two films, especially in 2015 and after, in which popular narratives are based on energy and energy crisis. Energy and energy crisis are depicted in many TV series, fictional films, and documentaries in the 2000s and beyond. This study investigates how the energy issue and the pursuit of science, technology, and remedies that come up with this issue are depicted in popular narratives. In this context, the films April and the Extraordinary World (2015, directed by Christian Desmares and Franck Ekinci) and The Cloverfield Paradox (2018, directed by Julius Onah) were included in the study. The study analyzes how energy-themed films deal with the energy issue and how science, scientists, and technology act in the absence of energy. By emphasizing the importance of science, scientists, and technology, these films show that advancing in the footsteps of science and technology can offer a way out/emancipation when the world is experiencing energy supply problems.Öğe The free individual in a tale of democracy: hegemony and dystopia in visual narratives(Hungarian Communication Studies Association, 2022) Gürkan, Hasan; Ergene, İlkimThis study examines the power relations of the characters in dystopian-themed visual culture narratives. The study is based on the reasons that lead to the construction of the concept of hegemony, how a hegemonic system is processed in the dystopian narrative, and the effect of this system on the social norms among the characters. This study examines both how social norms enable the functioning of the hegemonic system and how the characters are separated among themselves according to age, gender, power, and race differences. The study examines the young-adolescent TV series The Society (2019) in connection with the concept of hegemony. The main goal of this essay is to theoretically contextualize and systematically analyze a contemporary TV series through a combination of political science, speculative fiction, and film studies to explore the concept of hegemony. The hegemony in the narrative is based on the existence of the sovereign power and is built through all the oppression and ideological devices held by this power. © The Author(s) 2022.Öğe Gendering Turkish action films in the post-2010 period: "hey boy, protect me and don't cry!"(ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, 2021) Gürkan, Hasan; Ege, ÖvünçThis study investigates how the post-2010 Turkish action films portray men. Popular cinema positions all other sexual identities as secondary and often Other than (hegemonic) masculinity. In this context, this study examines masculinity in the centre of the narrative in the Turkish action films. The sample of the study consists of three action films with high production and box office hit in Turkey from 2010 to the present day, Kaos: Orumcek Agi (Chaos: Spider Web, 2012), cakal (The Jackal, 2010) and Panzehir (Antidote, 2014). Thus, the relationship between masculinity representations in Turkish mainstream action films and reality is discussed. In this study, the male characters can be categorized either fearless to sacrifice themselves for their family and nationality or negative subject men who never have characteristics that are not approved by the society. While there are almost no women in the narratives of these films, it can be classified that Turkish action films, as films that completely reflect the men's world and become womanless.Öğe The representation of masculinity in cinema and on television : an analysis of fictional male characters(Revista Publishing, 2022) Gürkan, Hasan; Serttaş, AybikeMass media, especially cinema and television, are important devices that build and strengthen males and female roles in societies. The representation of gender in media is crucial because individuals get to know gender roles in the process of socialization. Besides the female identity, masculinity is also a constructible element and fictional male characters produced both in cinema and on television send messages about masculinity to the audience. In this study, the male representation both in the television series and in films were compared with this assumption and the question how male characters are represented on the two different mass media is examined in Turkey. Furthermore, the question "whether masculine representation reinforces the existing patriarchal male image or produces an alternative male model" is in the interest area of the study. The method of this study is reception analysis and in-depth interviews were undertaken with audiences with different demographic characteristics. As a result, it has been found that male representations in cinema and television are produced with similar myths, symbols, metaphors and messages, similar gender languages are used in different media, and fictional male characters in cinema and television have common characteristics.Öğe The virtual mask: the dark underbelly of digital anonymity and gender identity construction in Turkey(Intellect, 2024) Gürkan, Hasan; Serttaş, Aybike; Sarıkaya, TugayThis study explores the impact of online identity on individuals' perception of self and communication codes. Specifically, the study investigates the relationship between the presentation and construction of identity and gender identity. The research methodology involves conducting in-depth interviews with eight Turkish university students aged 19-23, hailing from various cities across Turkey. Through these interviews and subsequent evaluations, the study identifies significant differences between social and digital identities, which can be attributed to various demographic factors, including gender. Furthermore, the study argues that the digital realm provides favourable opportunities for individuals to express their identities while serving as a platform for mobilization, opposition and alter- native modes of communication that challenge existing societal norms. Moreover, results show that young people sometimes experience fears about their social media posts and anxiety that society and the government will punish them.
