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    Assessment of extremity dose for medical staff involved in positron emission tomography/computed tomography imaging: Retrospective study
    (Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2023) Erdemir, Rabiye Uslu; Abuzaid, Mohamed Mahmoud; Cavli, Baris; Tekin, Huseyin Ozan; Elshami, Wiam
    There has been an increase in positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) imaging procedures, and medical workers involved in PET/CT are at increased risk of occupational exposure. Data on extremity dose exposure are limited globally. The current study aimed to evaluate the occupational radiation dose for extremities for medical workers (nurses, radiographers/radiologic technologists, and nuclear medicine physicians) working in PET/CT scanners at 5 large hospitals in Turkey. Optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) and Thermoluminescent dosimeter (TLD) ring dosimeters were used to measure equivalent dose values. Hospitals 1, 2, and 5 used OSL, and 3 and 4 used TLD. A total of 502 readings were obtained from 55 workers. In millisievert (mSv), the average annual effective dose for all workers was 14.5 +/- 17.7 (0.2-157.2). A radiography technologist received a maximum dose of 157.21. Nurses received the highest average annual effective dose (15.2 +/- 19.46) (0.32-65.58), followed by radiography technologists (14.7 +/- 18.03) (0.4-157.2), and nuclear medicine physicians demonstrated the least dose (8.6 +/- 10.5) (1.2-24.4). The results show that the extremity dose is well below the annual dose limit of 500 mSv. However, there is a wide variation in dose among the workers, underlining a need for careful assessment of working conditions to ensure safe practices for all workers.
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    A closer look at the utilized radiation doses during computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) for COVID-19 patients
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2023) Abuzaid, Mohamed; Elshami, Wiam; Cavli, Baris; Ozturk, Ceren; ALMisned, Ghada; Tekin, H. O.
    Introduction: CTPA stands for computed tomography pulmonary angiography. CTPA is an X-ray imaging that combines X-rays and computer technology to create detailed images of the pulmonary arteries and veins in the lungs. This test diagnoses and monitors conditions like pulmonary embolism, arterial blockages, and hyper-tension. Coronavirus (COVID-19) has threatened world health over the last three years. The number of (CT) scans increased and played a vital role in diagnosing COVID-19 patients, including life-threatening pulmonary em-bolism (PE). This study aimed to assess the radiation dose resulted from CTPA for COVID-19 patients. Methods: Data were collected retrospectively from CTPA examinations on a single scanner in 84 symptomatic patients. The data collected included the dose length product (DLP), volumetric computed tomography dose index (CTDIvol), and size-specific dose estimate (SSDE). The organ dose and effective dose were estimated using VirtualDose software.Results: The study population included 84 patients, 52% male and 48% female, with an average age of 62. The average DLP, CTDIvol, and SSDE were 404.2 mGy cm, 13.5 mGy, and 11.6 mGy\, respectively. The mean effective doses (mSv) for males and females were 3.01 and 3.29, respectively. The maximum to minimum organ doses (mGy) between patients was 0.8 for the male bladder and 7.33 for the female lung.Conclusions: The increase in CT scans during the COVID-19 pandemic required close dose monitoring and optimization. The protocol used during CTPA should guarantee a minimum radiation dose with maximum pa -tient benefits.