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    Promising breakthroughs in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis treatment through nanotechnology's unexplored frontier
    (Elsevier masson s.r.l., 2025) Sojdeh, Soheil; Safarkhani, Moein; Daneshgar, Hossein; Aldhaher, Abdullah; Heidari, Golnaz; Nazarzadeh Zare, Ehsan; Iravani, Siavash; Zarrabi, Ali; Rabiee, Navid
    This review explores the transformative potential of nanotechnology in the treatment and diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor neuron degeneration, muscle weakness, and eventual paralysis. Nanotechnology offers innovative solutions across various domains, including targeted drug delivery, neuroprotection, gene therapy and editing, biomarker detection, advanced imaging techniques, and tissue engineering. By enhancing the precision and efficacy of therapeutic interventions, nanotechnology facilitates key advancements such as crossing the blood-brain barrier, targeting specific cell types, achieving sustained therapeutic release, and enabling combination therapies tailored to the complex pathophysiology of ALS. Despite its immense promise, the clinical translation of these approaches faces challenges, including potential cytotoxicity, biocompatibility, and regulatory compliance, which must be addressed through rigorous research and testing. This review emphasizes the application of nanotechnology in targeted drug delivery and gene therapy/editing for ALS, drawing on the author's prior work with various nanotechnological platforms to illustrate strategies for overcoming similar obstacles in drug and gene delivery. By bridging the gap between cutting-edge technology and clinical application, this article aims to highlight the vital role of nanotechnology in shaping the future of ALS treatment.