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    Machine learning techniques for identifying mental health risk factor associated with schoolchildren cognitive ability living in politically violent environments
    (Frontiers Media Sa, 2023) Qasrawi, Radwan; Polo, Stephanny Vicuna; Abu Khader, Rami; Abu Al-Halawa, Diala; Hallaq, Sameh; Abu Halaweh, Nael; Abdeen, Ziad
    IntroductionMental health and cognitive development are critical aspects of a child's overall well-being; they can be particularly challenging for children living in politically violent environments. Children in conflict areas face a range of stressors, including exposure to violence, insecurity, and displacement, which can have a profound impact on their mental health and cognitive development. MethodsThis study examines the impact of living in politically violent environments on the mental health and cognitive development of children. The analysis was conducted using machine learning techniques on the 2014 health behavior school children dataset, consisting of 6373 schoolchildren aged 10-15 from public and United Nations Relief and Works Agency schools in Palestine. The dataset included 31 features related to socioeconomic characteristics, lifestyle, mental health, exposure to political violence, social support, and cognitive ability. The data was balanced and weighted by gender and age. ResultsThis study examines the impact of living in politically violent environments on the mental health and cognitive development of children. The analysis was conducted using machine learning techniques on the 2014 health behavior school children dataset, consisting of 6373 schoolchildren aged 10-15 from public and United Nations Relief and Works Agency schools in Palestine. The dataset included 31 features related to socioeconomic characteristics, lifestyle, mental health, exposure to political violence, social support, and cognitive ability. The data was balanced and weighted by gender and age. DiscussionThe findings can inform evidence-based strategies for preventing and mitigating the detrimental effects of political violence on individuals and communities, highlighting the importance of addressing the needs of children in conflict-affected areas and the potential of using technology to improve their well-being.
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    Schoolchildren' depression and anxiety risk factors assessment and prediction: Machine learning techniques performance analysis
    (JMIR, 2022) Qasrawi, Radwan; Vicuna Polo, Stephanny; Al-Halawa, Diala Abu; Hallaq, Sameh; Abdeen, Ziad
    Background: Depression and anxiety symptoms in early childhood have a major effect on children's mental health growth and cognitive development. Studying the effect of mental health problems on cognitive development has gained researchers' attention for the last two decades. Objective: In this paper, we seek to use machine learning techniques to predict the risk factors associated with school children's depression and anxiety. Methods: The study data consisted of 5685 students in grades 5-9, aged 10-15 years, studying at public and refugee schools in the West Bank. The data were collected using the health behaviors school children questionnaire in the 2013-2014 academic year and analyzed using machine learning to predict the risk factors associated with student mental health symptoms. Five machine learning techniques (Random Forest, Neural Network, Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, and Naïve Bayes) were used for prediction. Results: The results indicated that the SVM and Random Forest model had the highest accuracy levels (SVM= 92.5%, RF=76.4%; SVM=92.4%, RF=78.6%) for depression and anxiety respectively. Thus, the SVM and Random Forest had the best performance in classifying and predicting the student's depression and anxiety. The results showed that school violence and bullying, home violence, academic performance, and family income were the most important factors affecting depression and anxiety scales. Conclusions: Overall, machine learning proved to be an efficient tool for identifying and predicting the associated factors that influence student depression and anxiety. The ML techniques seem to be a good model for predicting abnormal depression and anxiety symptoms among schoolchildren, so the deployment of machine learning within the school information systems might facilitate the development of health prevention and intervention programs that will enhance students’ mental health and cognitive development.
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    Schoolchildren’ depression and anxiety risk factors assessment and prediction: Machine learning techniques performance analysis
    (JMIR, 2022) Qasrawi, Radwan; Polo, Stephanny Vicuna; Al-Halawa, Diala Abu; Hallaq, Sameh; Abdeen, Ziad
    Background: Depression and anxiety symptoms in early childhood have a major effect on children's mental health growth and cognitive development. Studying the effect of mental health problems on cognitive development has gained researchers' attention for the last two decades. Objective: In this paper, we seek to use machine learning techniques to predict the risk factors associated with school children's depression and anxiety. Methods: The study data consisted of 5685 students in grades 5-9, aged 10-15 years, studying at public and refugee schools in the West Bank. The data were collected using the health behaviors school children questionnaire in the 2013-2014 academic year and analyzed using machine learning to predict the risk factors associated with student mental health symptoms. Five machine learning techniques (Random Forest, Neural Network, Decision Tree, Support Vector Machine, and Naïve Bayes) were used for prediction. Results: The results indicated that the SVM and Random Forest model had the highest accuracy levels (SVM= 92.5%, RF=76.4%; SVM=92.4%, RF=78.6%) for depression and anxiety respectively. Thus, the SVM and Random Forest had the best performance in classifying and predicting the student's depression and anxiety. The results showed that school violence and bullying, home violence, academic performance, and family income were the most important factors affecting depression and anxiety scales. Conclusions: Overall, machine learning proved to be an efficient tool for identifying and predicting the associated factors that influence student depression and anxiety. The ML techniques seem to be a good model for predicting abnormal depression and anxiety symptoms among schoolchildren, so the deployment of machine learning within the school information systems might facilitate the development of health prevention and intervention programs that will enhance students’ mental health and cognitive development.